JDK 12: Download and Install the Java Development Kit
How to Download JDK 12 for Java Development
If you are a Java developer or want to learn Java programming, you will need a software tool called JDK or Java Development Kit. JDK is a bundle of software components that allows you to create, compile, run, and debug Java applications and applets. In this article, we will show you how to download JDK 12, the latest release of JDK, from Oracle and how to install it on your computer. We will also show you how to test if JDK 12 is working properly on your system.
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What is JDK 12 and why do you need it?
JDK 12 is the twelfth major release of the Java Development Kit, which was launched in March 2019. It is part of the Java SE or Java Platform, Standard Edition, which is a set of specifications and APIs that define the core features and functionality of the Java programming language and platform. Java SE is widely used for developing desktop, web, and embedded applications that run on various devices and platforms.
You need JDK 12 if you want to develop applications using the latest features and enhancements of Java SE. Some of these features include:
JDK 12 features and enhancements
Switch expressions: This feature allows you to use switch statements as expressions that can return values, making your code more concise and readable. You can also use multiple case labels for a single switch case, and use arrow syntax for simple cases.
Lambda parameter type inference: This feature allows you to omit the types of lambda parameters in some cases, making your code more concise and readable. The compiler can infer the types of lambda parameters from the context.
Raw string literals: This feature allows you to use backticks (`) to enclose string literals that span multiple lines and contain any characters, without needing to escape them. This makes your code more readable and convenient when dealing with text blocks, HTML, XML, JSON, regex, etc.
Dynamic CDS archives: This feature allows you to improve the startup performance of your Java applications by creating dynamic class data sharing (CDS) archives that contain classes from your application modules and libraries.
Default CDS archives: This feature allows you to improve the startup performance of your Java applications by using default CDS archives that contain classes from the JDK modules.
JVM constants API: This feature allows you to model nominal descriptors for various kinds of low-level entities in the Java virtual machine (JVM), such as classes, methods, fields, etc. This can be used to support dynamic languages and bytecode manipulation frameworks.
One AArch64 port: This feature allows you to simplify the porting and maintenance of the JDK on the ARM 64-bit architecture (AArch64) by removing the existing two ports and providing a single implementation based on the 64-bit ARMv8-A architecture.
Microbenchmark suite: This feature allows you to measure the performance of your Java applications using a set of microbenchmarks based on the Java Microbenchmark Harness (JMH) framework.
G1 improvements: This feature allows you to improve the performance and predictability of the Garbage-First (G1) garbage collector by introducing various enhancements, such as abortable mixed collections, concurrent class unloading, parallel full GC, and improved string deduplication.
Shenandoah: This feature allows you to use a new low-pause-time garbage collector called Shenandoah, which reduces GC pause times by performing more work concurrently with the running Java threads.
These are some of the main features and enhancements of JDK 12. You can find more details and examples in the .
JDK 12 compatibility and support
JDK 12 is compatible with Java SE 11, which means that your existing Java applications and libraries should run without any changes or recompilation on JDK 12. However, some features may be deprecated or removed in JDK 12, so you should check the for any potential issues before migrating to JDK 12.
JDK 12 is also a short-term release, which means that it will receive updates only until September 2019. After that, you will need to upgrade to a newer version of JDK to get security and bug fixes. If you want a long-term support (LTS) version of JDK, you should use JDK 11, which will receive updates until September 2026. You can find more information about the on the Oracle website.
How to download JDK 12 from Oracle
Now that you know what JDK 12 is and why you need it, let's see how you can download it from Oracle. Oracle provides JDK 12 binaries for Windows, Linux, and macOS platforms. You can also download the source code of JDK 12 if you want to build it yourself. Here are the steps to download JDK 12 from Oracle:
Step 1: Go to the Oracle Java Archive page
The first step is to go to the , which contains all the previous versions of Java SE. Scroll down to find the section for Java SE Development Kit 12. You will see a table with different columns for each platform and architecture. For example, Windows x64, Linux x64, macOS x64, etc.
Step 2: Choose the JDK 12 version that suits your operating system
The next step is to choose the JDK 12 version that suits your operating system and architecture. For example, if you are using Windows 10 on a 64-bit machine, you should choose Windows x64. If you are using Linux on a 64-bit machine, you should choose Linux x64. If you are using macOS on a 64-bit machine, you should choose macOS x64.
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You will see a link for each version that ends with .exe, .tar.gz, or .dmg. These are the file formats for Windows, Linux, and macOS respectively. Click on the link that matches your platform and architecture.
Step 3: Accept the license agreement and download the file
The next step is to accept the license agreement and download the file. You will be redirected to a page that asks you to accept the Oracle Technology Network License Agreement for Oracle Java SE. This is a legal document that governs your use of JDK 12. You should read it carefully and agree to its terms before proceeding.
After you accept the license agreement, you will see a button that says "Download". Click on it and save the file to your preferred location on your computer. The file size may vary depending on your platform and architecture, but it should be around 150 MB.
Step 4: Verify the checksum of the downloaded file
The last step is to verify the checksum of the downloaded file. , click on New to create a new variable.
In the New User Variable window, enter JAVA_HOME as the variable name and the path to the JDK 12 folder as the variable value. For example, C:\Program Files\Java\jdk-12.x.x, where x.x is the update number. Click OK.
In the System variables section, find the variable named Path and click on Edit.
In the Edit System Variable window, click on New and enter %JAVA_HOME%\bin as the new value. This will add the JDK 12 bin folder to the system path. Click OK.
Click OK to close the Environment Variables window and click OK to close the System Properties window.
To verify that the JAVA_HOME environment variable is set correctly, open a command prompt and type echo %JAVA_HOME%. You should see the path to the JDK 12 folder as the output. If not, check your spelling and try again.
How to install JDK 12 on Linux
If you are using Linux, you c